Urea
#2
it is a liquid that is injected for a special filter that removes n02 which is harmful to the environment and ford used the urea because it helps fuel economy and allows these new trucks to get 20+ mpg, You dont even have to worry about it because ford designed it to so u can have it filled when you do an oil change at your dealer and most big truck stops carry it as big rigs have been using it for a few years to meet emission standards
#4
i believe it is injected into the exhaust and it attaches itself to the NO2 and allows the filter to remove it, all i now about it is its environmentally friendly, it doesn't harm fuel economy, and it removes harmful greenhouse gasses from the exhaust.